UKRAINIAN INTEGRATION INTO THE EUROPEAN UNION
УДК 65.712.82
Бутова В.В., студентка 2 курсу
ХНЕУ ім. С. Кузнеця
The European Union is considered toa most advanced organization in the world. It is a unique international unity. It combines the signs of an international organization and a state; it has authorities for participating in international relations and plays a considerable role in these relations.
It is important to emphasize that the integration formations playa signification rolein modern international relations. Almost every country takes part in one of them. In addition, their influence is felt even by those countries that are not their participants. There is the European Union (EU) in Europe the example of such unions. The international relations of Ukraine depend on a unification and standardization of terms and factors of the development of countries in Europe. It is therefore impossible to examine the future of Ukraine out of European and the world development in the whole.
European integration is a process of productive, political, legal, economic (sometimes social and cultural) integration of theEuropean.In addition, it should be noted that in most cases European integration takes place when country cooperateswith the European Union and theCouncil of Europe.
Ukraine, a rich country of 45.5 million people, surrounded by Russia and Belarus to the east and north, looks to its neighbors in the west - Romania and Poland - with envy. Endowed with important natural resources (oil, gas, iron, coal), the country is handicapped by an old productive apparatus which is slow to modernize. But the great asset of Ukraine is its gas storage capacity that could fuel a planned European network. The subsoil is rich, but not necessarily well developed while the land is a phenomenal agricultural potential. The former “breadbasket” of Europe could regain its rank among the world’s leading agricultural powers if, once again, it provides itself with substantial means to cultivate the immense Ukrainian plains. About 10% of Ukraine’s GDP comes from the agri-food industry [1].
In the aftermath of its independence, Ukraine announced that its foreign policy would be “multivectorial”, that means balanced between the West (the European Union, the United States and NATO) and the East (essentially Russia on which it depends for its energy supply). The other key words being the “European choice”, affirmed since independence, and the “strategic partnership” with the United States, Russia, the EU, but also Poland. This general political line has seen some fluctuations. President Kuchma came to power in 1994 on a pro-Russian election platform. During its first term, its foreign policy became more pro-European: in 1998, EU membership was announced as a strategic objective. His second term, on the other hand, was strongly marked by the political crisis of autumn 2000 (called kuchmagate)which made him lose all credit in the West, while Vladimir Putin became the only head of state with a certain weight to maintain his support. Hence a reorientation of external relations towards the East, which resulted in particular in the accession of Leonid Kuchma to the presidency of the CIS in January 2003 and the Ukrainian participation in the creation, on September 19, 2003, of a “Common Economic Space” with Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus [2].
The first problem of integration of Ukraine into the ЕU is the necessity to adapt Ukrainian legislation to the European standards. It can be carried out by reforming Ukrainian legal system. This adaptation must cover such spheres as Private, Customs, Financial, Taxation, and Legislation on intellectual property, Labor, Life and health, and Environment protection. The pace of the implementation of this reform is not satisfying
The second problem of Ukraine is that it does not correspond to Maastricht criteria. Euro convergence criteria give five economic points thata country must correspond to if itapplies for entering the European Union. Today Ukrainian economy is in a crisis and cannot execute these criteria [3].
Less than a quarter of a century after its independence, Ukraine opens up European prospects thanks to substantive work in favor of a restructuring of its economic and political model. Recent developments in terms of justice and human rights are positive, but must pass the test of time and the supervision of a European Union ready to support a Ukraine fully in line with its deep desires for modernity.
REFERENCES
Kondratyuk E.A. Conceptual bases of EU policy with regard to Ukraine in 1990 // Scientific notes. Electronic scientific journal of Kursk State University. – 2011. – No 3 (19). – Pp. 34-39.
Yurchik I.B. Problems of Ukraine’s Integration of the World Community / I.B. Yurchyk, V.A. Urbanovich // Scientific Review. – 2016. – No. 3 (24). – Pp. 29-34.
Науковий керівник
старший викладач Михайлова Л.З.